Discovering a lump on the neck, upper back, or behind the ear can feel concerning at first, but these findings are fairly common and often not a cause for serious concern. Lumps beneath the skin can differ in size, firmness, and appearance, and they may develop for a range of everyday reasons. In many situations, they form gradually and remain harmless. Understanding some of the possible explanations can help ease worry and support informed decisions about next steps.
One frequently noted cause of a small, rounded lump under the skin is an epidermoid cyst. These are noncancerous growths that develop when skin cells move below the surface instead of shedding as usual. Over time, the cells collect and form a sac filled with keratin, a natural substance found in skin, hair, and nails. Such cysts commonly appear on the neck, back, or near the ears and often feel firm or slightly flexible to the touch. They are usually not painful unless irritated.
A variety of factors may play a role in the formation of these lumps, including blocked pores, minor skin trauma, or repeated friction in the area. They are more commonly seen in adults and may occur more often in men. In many cases, a healthcare professional can assess a lump during a routine visit and advise whether observation or further evaluation is appropriate.
Basic care measures, such as keeping the area clean and avoiding unnecessary pressure, may help reduce irritation. Warm compresses can sometimes provide comfort if tenderness is present. It is generally best not to squeeze or attempt to treat a lump at home. If a lump changes noticeably, becomes uncomfortable, or shows signs that raise concern, consulting a qualified healthcare provider is a sensible step for reassurance and guidance.